LeBoeuf Township was organized in 1800. LeBoeuf Township consists of approximately 33.35 square miles. According to the 2010 census, there are 1,698 people who reside within the township.

LeBoeuf Township is located South of Waterford Township, East of Washington Township and West of Union Township located in Erie County, Pennsylvania. The southern border is Crawford County, Pennsylvania. Mill Village Borough is located in the center of the township.

LeBoeuf Township has 46.27 miles of roads to maintain. There are 26.14 miles of state roads and 8 bridges with over an 8′ span.